Pannoparmelia angustata
Synonyms
Anzia angustata, Anzia angustata var. hypoleucodes, Anzia angustata var. hypoleucoides, Anzia angustata var. laxior, Parmelia angustata, Parmelia moniliformis
Family
Parmeliaceae
Flora category
Lichen – Native
Endemic taxon
No
Endemic genus
No
Endemic family
No
Structural class
Lichens - Foliose
Current conservation status
2018 | Not Threatened | Qualifiers: SO
Brief description
A rather variable species. Individuals in full sunlight are distinctly yellow (usnic acid), whereas shaded forms lose usnic acid in the upper cortex and become pale greenish grey. Pycnidia are always present on the upper surface although their numbers vary considerably. Prothallus (spongiostratum) colour varies from pale yellow-tan to dark brown-black.
Distribution
North Island: Northland (Tangihua Forest), South Auckland (Hunua Ranges, Te Aroha), Hawke’s Bay (Kuripapango) to Wellington (Ruapehu, Kaimanawa Ranges, Ruahine Ranges). South Island: Nelson (Mt Benson, Fenella Hut, Mt Arthur, Lake Rotoiti, Takaka, Denniston, Spring’s Junction), Marlborough (Red Hill, Resolution Bay), Canterbury (Arthur’s Pass, Glencoe Stream Mt Cook southwards east and west of the Main Divide to Southland (Borland Burn, Waikoau River, Te WaeWae Bay).
Known also from SE Australia and Tasmania and from southern Argentina and Chile.
Habitat
Mainly epiphytic on subalpine shrubs and trees from 250–1100 m in North Island, and from 100 to1400 m in South. Island. Most common in Nothofagus [Fuscospora spp. and Lophozonia menziesii] forests east of the Main Divide, rare or absent from wetter parts of Fiordland and from Stewart Island.
Detailed description
Thallus suborbicular, in patches to 10 cm diam. Lobes convex, 0.5-2.0 mm wide, moderately to densely branched, linear or often constricted and moniliform, branching mainly dichotomous near margins, becoming more complex, subimbricate in older parts, margins entire, apices rounded or crenulate. Upper surface bright yellowish-green to pale yellowish-grey (shade forms), smooth, matt, often wrinkled in older parts, without isidia, maculae, pseudocyphellae or soredia. Hypothallus rather loose, spongy, to 1 mm thick, pale yellow-brown to dark red-brown or black, moniliform. Lower cortex white, shining, smooth, visible at tips of lobes and between patches of hypothallus. Rhizines occasional to frequent, stout, simple, to 0.4 mm wide and to 2 mm long, pale at margins, dark brown or black at centre of thallus, with an anchoring squarrose tuft at apex. Apothecia frequent, to 1 cm diam., pedicellate, deeply cupuliform when young, margins entire, thin, concolorous with thallus, becoming deeply cupuliform when young, margins entire, thin, concolorous with thallus, becoming deeply lacerate and flattened with age, disc imperforate, smooth, pale yellowish to dark red-brown, thalline exciple wrinkled, warted, pale at first becoming dark brown, tomentose in older fruits. Pycnidia common and often numerous at margins, red-brown to black, punctiform.
Similar taxa
It is distinguished from Pannoparmelia wilsonii by the absence of isidia (Galloway 2007). Some narrow-lobed Notoparmelia and Parmelia species can look similar.
Substrate
Corticolous
Etymology
angustata: From the Latin angustatus ‘narrowed’
Attribution
Fact sheet prepared by Melissa Hutchison (19 January 2022). Brief description, Distribution, Habitat, and Features sections copied from Galloway (1985, 2007).
References and further reading
Galloway D.J. 1985: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens. Wellington: PD Hasselberg, Government Printer. 662 pp.
Galloway D.J. 2007: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens, including lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi. 2nd edition. Lincoln, Manaaki Whenua Press. 2261 pp.