Pannaria fulvescens
Synonyms
Amphinomium pannarinum, Coriscium neozelandicum, Lempholemma pannarinum, Pannaria gemmascens, Parmelia fulvescens
Family
Pannariaceae
Flora category
Lichen – Native
Endemic taxon
No
Endemic genus
No
Endemic family
No
Structural class
Lichens - Foliose
Current conservation status
2018 | Not Threatened | Qualifiers: SO
Brief description
A distinct species characterised by the corticolous (rarely terricolous) habit; the yellow-fawn, wrinkled upper surface; and the bluish, limbiform soralia at the margins. It is only occasionally fertile, but when it is, the discs are characteristically red-brown, with pale, gyrose-contorted bands of sterile tissue, and coarsely granular, bluish soralia at margins.
Distribution
Kermadec Islands: Raoul Island. North Island: Northland (Three Kings Is, Te Paki, Omanaia River, Kawerua, Waipoua, Trounson’s Park, Whangarei, Poor Knights Is, Great Barrier I.), Auckland (Rangitoto I.), South Auckland (Hunua Ra., Coromandel Peninsula, Thames, Te Aroha, Mangaotaki Valley King Country, Otorohanga), Wellington (York Bay). South Island: Nelson (Kaihoka Lakes, N of Westport), Marlborough (d’Urville I., Ship Cove, Chetwode Is), Westland (Lake Kaniere, Karangarua River, Jackson Bay).
Known also from Hawai’i, Tahiti, Fiji, Samoa, the Marquesas, Norfolk I., E Australia from Queensland to Tasmania.
Habitat
Predominantly a lowland and often coastal corticolous species characteristic of habitats with high humidity. It is the most commonly collected species of Pannaria from coastal scrub in northern New Zealand, especially on offshore islands. It occurs rarely in clay soil and is most commonly found at forest margins and bush and scrub remnants and penetrates inland in forested or scrubby areas of high humidity to an elevation of 400 m. It is commonly collected in disturbed or successional habitats of high humidity and moderate to high light intensity often associating with other cyanobacterial taxa such as species of Coccocarpia, Degelia, Erioderma, Fuscoderma, Leioderma, Lobaria, Parmeliella, Physma, Leptogidium, Pseudocyphellaria, Sticta and Wawea.
Detailed description
Thallus foliose-lobate, rather loosely attached, suborbicular, to 8 cm diam., corticolous. Lobes 8-15 mm long and 1-4 mm broad, radiating or ± canaliculate, undulate to cuneate-flabellate, contiguous to imbricate, margins rounded, shallowly incised or crenate, sinuous, ± ascending. Upper surface continuous, wrinkled, especially at sinuses and near apices, minutely verrucose-scabrid (×10 lens) and occasionally minutely tomentose, yellowish to fawnish-brown or greyish-yellow, sorediate. Soralia limbiform, bluish, conspicuous, mainly marginal, soredia coarse, granular, crowded, bluish. Lower surface pale, white at margins, buff centrally, ± evenly covered with short, whitish tomentum, and in places with ± dense tufts of white to blue-black, squarrose rhizines. Apothecia rare, sessile, 1-3 mm diam., disc pale to dark brown-red or blackened, plane or subconcave, thalline margin thick, elevated, sulcate, often pulverulent-sorediate, whitish or bluish, concolorous with soralia. Ascospores thick-walled, rounded at one end, contents granular, 12-18 × 5-10 µm.
Chemistry: Cortex K-, C-, KC-, Pd+ orange; containing pannarin and ursolic acid.
Similar taxa
Leioderma sorediatum
Substrate
Corticolous, rarely terricolous.
Attribution
Fact sheet prepared by Marley Ford (17 May 2021). Information in the Brief description, Distribution, Habitat, Features and Similar taxa sections copied from Galloway (2007).
References and further reading
Galloway D.J. 1985: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens. Wellington: PD Hasselberg, Government Printer. 662 pp.
Galloway D.J. 2007: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens, including lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi. 2nd edition. Lincoln, Manaaki Whenua Press. 2261 pp.