Notoparmelia norcrambidiocarpa
Synonyms
Parmelia norcrambidiocarpa Hale, Smiths.
Family
Parmeliaceae
Flora category
Lichen – Native
Endemic taxon
No
Endemic genus
No
Endemic family
No
Structural class
Lichens - Foliose
Current conservation status
2018 | Not Threatened | Qualifiers: SO
Brief description
Characterised by the corticolous habit; the sublinear to subirregular lobes; mainly marginal pseudocyphellae; absence of soredia or isidia; black rhizines present in a dense mat and projecting beyond the lobe margins; small ascospores, 12–15 × 7–10 μm; and echinocarpic acid as the major medullary constituent.
Distribution
South Island: Nelson (Lake Rotoiti) to Southland (Tuatapere and Longwood Range).
Also known from Australia (Bass Strait Islands, Tasmania).
Habitat
On trees and shrubs in forested areas, both east and west of the Main Divide, coastal and inland, though predominantly subalpine.
Hale (1987: 31) notes “…Parmelia norcrambidiocarpa is by far the most common foliose lichen in the subalpine scrub zone on the major mountain chains running the length of the South Island. I collected 161 specimens at 32 localities, the bulk (85%) between 300 m and 910 m elevation.”
Detailed description
Thallus adnate to loosely attached, firm, whitish grey, 6–12 cm diam. Lobes subirregular to sublinear, little-branched, becoming divaricate, browning at apices, 1–4 mm wide. Upper surface shining, continuous to transversely cracked with age, plane, pseudocyphellate, without isidia or soredia. Pseudocyphellae forming a very narrow, nearly continuous marginal rim, 0.1–0.2 mm wide, also laminal and effigurate, 0.2–0.6 mm long, discrete, fissuring with age. Lower surface black, densely rhizinate. Rhizines simple to markedly squarrosely branched, 0.5–2 mm long, projecting as a mat beyond lobe margins. Apothecia common, subpedicellate, cupuliform, splitting radially with age, to 20 mm diam., the disc brown to dark-brown; exciple rugose and effigurate-pseudocyphellate. Hymenium 60–70 μm tall. Ascospores 10–15 × 7–10 μm; perispore 1 μm thick. Pycnidia common, 90–110 μm diam. Conidia cylindrical, bacillar, 5.5–6 μm long.
Chemistry: Cortex K+ yellow; medulla K+ yellow, C−, Pd+ yellow; containing atranorin, chloroatranorin, echinocarpic acid (major) and conechinocarpic acid (minor).
Substrate
Corticolous
Attribution
Fact sheet prepared by Marley Ford (1 February 2023). Brief description, Distribution, Habitat, Features, and Extra information sections copied from Galloway (2007).
References and further reading
Galloway D.J. 2007: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens, including lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi. 2nd edition. Lincoln, Manaaki Whenua Press. 2261 pp.
Hale M.E. 1987: A monograph of the lichen genus Parmelia Acharius sensu stricto (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 66: 1-54.