Flavoparmelia haywardiana
Family
Parmeliaceae
Flora category
Lichen – Native
Endemic taxon
No
Endemic genus
No
Endemic family
No
Structural class
Lichens - Foliose
Current conservation status
2018 | Not Threatened | Qualifiers: SO
Brief description
Characterised by the corticolous/lignicolous habit; the adnate yellow to yellow-green thallus; farinose–sorediate upper surface (soralia orbicular to subcapitate at first); and a medullary chemistry containing protocetraric and caperatic acids.
Distribution
North Island: South Auckland (Coromandel Peninsula, Taupo), Gisborne (Tolaga Bay), Taranaki (Burgess Park New Plymouth, Hawera). South Island: Nelson (Nelson, Westport).
Also found in Northland (Ford 2020).
Known also from Tasmania.
Habitat
On dead and living trees (Cupressus*, Pinus*, Eucalyptus*, Metrosideros excelsa), in open scrubland, plantations, coastal forest and in urban parks and cemeteries, mainly lowland.
Detailed description
Thallus adnate, pale yellow-green, orbicular to irregularly spreading, to 10 cm diam. Lobes irregular, 1.0–4.0(–5.00) mm wide, ±contiguous, plane and rounded at apices, imbricate centrally. Upper surface plane to ±undulate, dull to slightly shiny, with ±reticulate white maculae (×10 lens) towards apices, becoming minutely wrinkled to rugose or subfaveolate centrally, densely sorediate, without isidia or dactyls. Soralia laminal, orbicular to subcapitate at first, but coalescing and spreading over upper surface; soredia farinose, concolorous with upper surface or paler. Medulla mainly white, rarely with a yellow-orange (K+ purple) zone adjacent to lower cortex. Lower surface black, with a narrow, naked brown rim, sparsely rhizinate elsewhere. Rhizines short, simple or tufted at apices, concolorous with lower surface. Apothecia and pycnidia not seen.
Chemistry: Cortex K−; medulla K−, C−, KC−, Pd+ brick-red; pigmented lower medulla K+ purple; containing usnic acid, protocetraric acid (major), caperatic acid (±), atranorin (±), skyrin (minor), virensic acid (tr.) and an unidentified compound (tr.)
Similar taxa
Similar to F. soredians but separated by the lack of reaction to K.
Substrate
Corticolous, lignicolous
Attribution
Fact sheet prepared by Marley Ford (16 February 2022). Brief description, Distribution, Habitat, Features, and Similar taxa sections copied from Galloway (2007).
References and further reading
Ford M. 2020: iNaturalistNZ observation of Flavoparmelia haywardiana. https://inaturalist.nz/observations/38285508.
Galloway D.J. 2007: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens, including lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi. 2nd edition. Lincoln, Manaaki Whenua Press. 2261 pp.